HB 4109-1988 卸料块
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基本信息
| 标准名称： | 卸料块 |
| 中标分类： | 航空、航天 >> 航空器与航天器制造用设备 >> 模具 |
| 发布日期： | 1988-04-09 |
| 实施日期： | 1988-07-01 |
| 首发日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 作废日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 出版日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 页数： | 1页 |
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所属分类： 航空 航天 航空器与航天器制造用设备 模具
下载地址: 点击此处下载
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforSteady-StateHeatTransferPropertiesofPipeInsulation
【原文标准名称】:管道隔热稳态热传导性能的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMC335/C335M-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C16.30
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:表面导热系数;实验设计;辐射热传导;稳态热传导;热阻;管道热绝缘
【英文主题词】:apparentthermalconductivity;experimentaldesign;radialheattransfer;steadystateheattransfer;thermalresistance;Pipethermalinsulation
【摘要】:Asdeterminedbythistestmethod,thepipeinsulationlinealthermalresistanceorconductance(and,whenapplicable,thethermalresistivityorconductivity)aremeansofcomparinginsulationswhichincludetheeffectsoftheinsulationanditsfituponthepipe,circumferentialandlongitudinaljointing,andvariationsinconstruction,butdonotincludetheeffectsoftheoutersurfaceresistanceorheattransfercoefficient.Theyarethusappropriatewhentheinsulationouter-surfacetemperatureandthepipetemperatureareknownorspecified.However,sincethethermalpropertiesdeterminedbythistestmethodincludetheeffectsoffitandjointing,theyarenottruematerialproperties.Therefore,propertiesdeterminedbythistestmethodaresomewhatdifferentfromthoseobtainedonapparentlysimilarmaterialinflatformusingtheguardedhotplate,TestMethodC177,ortheheatflowmeterapparatus,TestMethodC518.Thepipeinsulationlinealthermaltransferenceincorporatesboththeeffectoftheinsulationanditsfituponthepipeandalsotheeffectofthesurfaceheat-transfercoefficient.Itisappropriatewhentheambientconditionsandthepipetemperatureareknownorspecifiedandthethermaleffectsofthesurfacearetobeincluded.Becauseofthetestconditionrequirementsprescribedinthistestmethod,recognizethatthethermaltransferpropertiesobtainedwillnotnecessarilybethevaluepertainingunderallserviceconditions.Asanexample,thistestmethodprovidesthatthethermalpropertiesshallbeobtainedbytestsondryorconditionedspecimens,whilesuchconditionsarenotnecessarilyrealizedinservice.Theresultsobtainedarestrictlyapplicableonlyfortheconditionsoftestandfortheproductconstructiontested,andmustnotbeappliedwithoutproperadjustmentwhenthematerialisusedatotherconditions,suchasmeantemperaturesthatdifferappreciablyfromthoseofthetest.Withthesequalificationsinmind,thefollowingapply:Forhorizontalorverticalpipesofthesamesizeandtemperature,operatinginthesameambientenvironment,valuesobtainedbythistestmethodcanbeusedforthedirectcomparisonofseveralspecimens,forcomparisontospecificationvalues,andforengineeringdataforestimatingheatlossofactualapplicationsofspecimensidenticaltothosetested(includinganyjacketsorsurfacetreatments).Whenappropriate,correctfortheeffectofendjointsandotherrecurringirregularities(4.4).Whenapplyingtheresultstoinsulationsizesdifferentfromthoseusedinthetest,anappropriatemathematicalanalysisisrequired.Forhomogeneousmaterials,thisconsistsoftheuseofthethermalconductivityorresistivityvalues(correctedforanychangesinmeantemperature)plustheuseofthesurfaceheattransfercoefficientwhentheambienttemperatureisconsidered(forexample,seePracticeC680).Fornonhomogeneousandreflectiveinsulationmaterials,amoredetailedmathematicalmodelisrequiredwhichproperlyaccountsfortheindividualmodesofheattransfer(conduction,convection,radiation)andthevariationofeachmodewithchangingpipesize,insulationthickness,andtemperature.Itisdifficulttomeasurethethermalperformanceofreflectiveinsulationthatincorporateaircavities,sincethegeometryandorientationoftheaircavitiescanaffectconvectiveheattransfer.Whileitisalwaysdesirabletotestfull-lengthpipesections,thisisnotalwayspossibleduetosizelimitationsofexistingpipeinsulationtesters.Ifinsulationsectionsaretestedlessthanfulllength,internalconvectiveheattransferare......
【中国标准分类号】:P94
【国际标准分类号】:91_100_60
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】:
Product Code:SAE J1555
Title:Recommended Practice for Optimizing Automobile Damageability
Issuing Committee:Optimizing Automobile Damageability
Scope:This SAE Recommended Practice applies to all portions of the vehicle, but design efforts should focus on components and systems with the highest contribution to the overall average repair cost. (See 3.7.) The costs to be minimized include not only insurance premiums but also out-of-pocket costs incurred by the owner.
【原文标准名称】:管道隔热稳态热传导性能的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMC335/C335M-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C16.30
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:表面导热系数;实验设计;辐射热传导;稳态热传导;热阻;管道热绝缘
【英文主题词】:apparentthermalconductivity;experimentaldesign;radialheattransfer;steadystateheattransfer;thermalresistance;Pipethermalinsulation
【摘要】:Asdeterminedbythistestmethod,thepipeinsulationlinealthermalresistanceorconductance(and,whenapplicable,thethermalresistivityorconductivity)aremeansofcomparinginsulationswhichincludetheeffectsoftheinsulationanditsfituponthepipe,circumferentialandlongitudinaljointing,andvariationsinconstruction,butdonotincludetheeffectsoftheoutersurfaceresistanceorheattransfercoefficient.Theyarethusappropriatewhentheinsulationouter-surfacetemperatureandthepipetemperatureareknownorspecified.However,sincethethermalpropertiesdeterminedbythistestmethodincludetheeffectsoffitandjointing,theyarenottruematerialproperties.Therefore,propertiesdeterminedbythistestmethodaresomewhatdifferentfromthoseobtainedonapparentlysimilarmaterialinflatformusingtheguardedhotplate,TestMethodC177,ortheheatflowmeterapparatus,TestMethodC518.Thepipeinsulationlinealthermaltransferenceincorporatesboththeeffectoftheinsulationanditsfituponthepipeandalsotheeffectofthesurfaceheat-transfercoefficient.Itisappropriatewhentheambientconditionsandthepipetemperatureareknownorspecifiedandthethermaleffectsofthesurfacearetobeincluded.Becauseofthetestconditionrequirementsprescribedinthistestmethod,recognizethatthethermaltransferpropertiesobtainedwillnotnecessarilybethevaluepertainingunderallserviceconditions.Asanexample,thistestmethodprovidesthatthethermalpropertiesshallbeobtainedbytestsondryorconditionedspecimens,whilesuchconditionsarenotnecessarilyrealizedinservice.Theresultsobtainedarestrictlyapplicableonlyfortheconditionsoftestandfortheproductconstructiontested,andmustnotbeappliedwithoutproperadjustmentwhenthematerialisusedatotherconditions,suchasmeantemperaturesthatdifferappreciablyfromthoseofthetest.Withthesequalificationsinmind,thefollowingapply:Forhorizontalorverticalpipesofthesamesizeandtemperature,operatinginthesameambientenvironment,valuesobtainedbythistestmethodcanbeusedforthedirectcomparisonofseveralspecimens,forcomparisontospecificationvalues,andforengineeringdataforestimatingheatlossofactualapplicationsofspecimensidenticaltothosetested(includinganyjacketsorsurfacetreatments).Whenappropriate,correctfortheeffectofendjointsandotherrecurringirregularities(4.4).Whenapplyingtheresultstoinsulationsizesdifferentfromthoseusedinthetest,anappropriatemathematicalanalysisisrequired.Forhomogeneousmaterials,thisconsistsoftheuseofthethermalconductivityorresistivityvalues(correctedforanychangesinmeantemperature)plustheuseofthesurfaceheattransfercoefficientwhentheambienttemperatureisconsidered(forexample,seePracticeC680).Fornonhomogeneousandreflectiveinsulationmaterials,amoredetailedmathematicalmodelisrequiredwhichproperlyaccountsfortheindividualmodesofheattransfer(conduction,convection,radiation)andthevariationofeachmodewithchangingpipesize,insulationthickness,andtemperature.Itisdifficulttomeasurethethermalperformanceofreflectiveinsulationthatincorporateaircavities,sincethegeometryandorientationoftheaircavitiescanaffectconvectiveheattransfer.Whileitisalwaysdesirabletotestfull-lengthpipesections,thisisnotalwayspossibleduetosizelimitationsofexistingpipeinsulationtesters.Ifinsulationsectionsaretestedlessthanfulllength,internalconvectiveheattransferare......
【中国标准分类号】:P94
【国际标准分类号】:91_100_60
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】:
Product Code:SAE J1555
Title:Recommended Practice for Optimizing Automobile Damageability
Issuing Committee:Optimizing Automobile Damageability
Scope:This SAE Recommended Practice applies to all portions of the vehicle, but design efforts should focus on components and systems with the highest contribution to the overall average repair cost. (See 3.7.) The costs to be minimized include not only insurance premiums but also out-of-pocket costs incurred by the owner.
