ANSI/ASTM F1960a-2007 与交联聚乙烯(PEX)管一起使用的带过氧化物漂白的PEX增强环的冷膨胀管件的规范

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Product Code:SAE AS1241
Title:Fire Resistant Phosphate Ester Hydraulic Fluid for Aircraft
Issuing Committee:A-6c3 Fluids Committee
Scope: This specification establishes the requirements for physical and chemical properties and the minimum tests to evaluate suitability of phosphate ester hydraulic fluids for use in aircraft systems where fire resistance is required. Additional tests may be specified by procuring agencies to demonstrate compliance with specific requirements.
Rationale: This specification establishes the requirements for physical and chemical properties and the minimum tests to evaluate suitability of phosphate ester hydraulic fluids for use in aircraft systems where fire resistance is required. Additional tests may be specified by procuring agencies to demonstrate compliance with specific requirements.【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminationofEffectivenessofCleaningProcessesforReusableMedicalInstrumentsUsingaMicrobiologicMethod(SimulatedUseTest)
【原文标准名称】:用微生物方法测定可再度使用医疗器械清洁过程的效力的试验方法(模拟使用测试)
【标准号】:ASTME2314-2003(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2003
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E35.15
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:cleaning;cleaningsolution;endoscope;recoveryandelution;reprocessing;reusablemedicalinstrument;Cleaningagents/processes(medical/surgicalapplications);Effectivenesstesting;Recoveryandelution;Reprocessingmedicalinstruments;Reusabl
【摘要】:Thistestmethodisdesignedtoevaluatetheeffectivenessofcleaningreusablemedicalinstrumentsusingaspecifiedcleaningprocess.Thistestmethodmaybeusedtodeterminetheeffectivenessofcleaningprocessesofrecesses,hingedsites,lumina,orotherdifficult-to-reprocessareasofreusablemedicalinstruments.Thistestmethodmayalsobeusedtoverifytheclaimsforanyportionofthecleaningcycle.Therecoveryofsurvivingmicroorganismsmaybeaccomplishedusingswabbing,rinsing,ortotalimmersionofinstruments.Theefficacyoftheelutionmethodsorlossoftheappliedinoculummaybeassessedbyrecoveryoftargetorganismsfromcontrolinstrumentsthathavenotbeensubjectedtothecleaningprocess.1.1Thistestmethodiswrittenprincipallyforlargemedicalinstrumentsorinstrumentswithinternalchannelsorrecesses(forexample,flexibleendoscopes)butmaybeusedforanyresuablemedicalinstruments.1.2Thistestmethoddescribesaprocedurefortestingtheefficacyofacleaningprocessforreusablemedicalinstrumentsartificiallycontaminatedwithmixturesofmicroorganismsandsimulatedsoil.1.3Thetestmethodutilizesbacterialsporesastracersforforeignmaterialsandquantifiestheirremovalasameansofdeterminingtheefficacyofacleaningprocess.1.4Thetestmethodisdesignedforusebymanufacturersofmedicalinstrumentsanddevices.However,itmayalsobeemployedbyotherindividualswhohaveaknowledgeoftheinstruments,techniquesandaccesstoappropriatefacilities.1.5Worst-caseconditionscanberepresentedbyexaggeratingaspecifictestparameterorotherwiseintentionallysimulatinganextremeconditionsuchasperformingthetestwithoutcleaningsolutionsorutilizinginstrumentswhicharenotnew.1.6Thetestprocedureisdevisedtodeterminetheefficacyofacleaningprocessasappliedtoaparticularinstrumentorgroupofinstrumentsbysimulatingactualusesituations.1.7Thetestproceduremaybeperformedontestinstrumentsusingacompletecleaningcycleorbelimitedtoparticularphasesofthecyclesuchasprecleaning,manualcleaning,automatedcleaning,orrinsing.1.8Thetestprocedureisnormallyperformedonanumberofexternalandinternalsites,butitmayberestrictedtooneparticularsiteontheinstrument.1.9Aknowledgeofmicrobiologicalandaseptictechniquesandfamiliaritywiththeinstrumentsisrequiredtoconducttheseprocedures.Note18212;Becausecontaminationofthesurfacesofinstrumentsmayoccurasaresultofrinsingwithtapwater,bacteria-freewatershouldbeusedforallrinsingwhenawaterrinsestepispartofthecleaningdirections.Note28212;Testmethodstodeterminetheeffectivenessofcleaningmedicalinstrumentshasonlyrecentlybeenactivelydebated,andresearcheffortsareintheirinfancy.Becausepublishedexperimentalresultsarescarce,itisprematuretodictateexperimentalreagents,conditionsoracceptancecriteria.Note38212;Thetotaleliminationofthetargetorganismsisnotthegoalofcleaning.Therefore,therewillalmostalwaysbeanumberofmicroorganismssurvivingonthetestinstrumentsunlessoneofthesolutionsorprocessesdisinfectsorsterilizesthetestinstrument.Theresultsofvariousclinicalandlaboratorytestssuggestthatcleaningprocessesalonecanproducea102to104log10reductioninbioburden.Theexactreductionwilldependuponthepreciseexperimentalconditions.Thecriteriaforjudgingcleanlinessshouldbedeterminedandrecordedbeforeinitiationoft......
【中国标准分类号】:C30
【国际标准分类号】:11_080_99
【页数】:6P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语